Sunan at-Tirmidhī Ḥadīth [2332] – The constriction of the time and its passing quickly…

16 November 2020 · 1 Rabīʿ II 1442 AH

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حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْعُمَرِيُّ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: >لَا تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يَتَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ، فَتَكُونُ السَّنَةُ كَالشَّهْرِ، وَالشَّهْرُ كَالْجُمُعَةِ، وَتَكُونُ الْجُمُعَةُ كَالْيَوْمِ، وَيَكُونُ الْيَوْمُ كَالسَّاعَةِ، وَتَكُونُ السَّاعَةُ كَالضَّرَمَةِ بِالنَّارِ<

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ هُوَ: أَخُو يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ.

Reference

Book [36]: Chapters on zuhd [asceticism]
Chapter [24]: What has been related about the constriction of time and the curtailment of hope

Translation

Ḥadīth [2332]: It is narrated on the authority of Anas bin Mālik ^{[d. 90H]} (may Allāh be pleased with him) that he said: The Messenger of Allāh (peace and blessings of Allāh be upon him) said: “The hour shall not be established until time is constricted, and the year is like a month, a month is like the week, and the week is like the day, and the day is like the hour, and the hour is like the flare of the fire.”

Abū ‘Īsā ^{[d. 279H]} said: This ḥadīth is gharīb from this route. Sa’d bin Sa’īd ^{[d. 141H]} (a narrator in the chain) is the brother of Yaḥyā bin Sa’īd al-Anṣārī.

Takhrīj

• Musnad al-Bazzār (6216 (12/338))

• Al-Mu’jam al-Awsaṭ (8904 (8/370-371))

Also, on the authority of Abū Hurayrah ^{[d. 57H]}

• Musnad Aḥmad (10943 (16/550)) ^{[Shu’ayb al-Arna'ūṭ]}

• Musnad Aḥmad (10885 (9/612)) ^{[Aḥmad Shākir]}

• Musnad Abī Ya’lā (6680 (1/1800))

• Ṣaḥīḥ ibn Ḥibbān (6842 (15/256-257))

• Sharḥ Mushkil al-Āthār (2986 (7/436))

• Ḥilyatul Awliyā’ (9/59)

→ Non-primary books:

• Kanzul ‘Ummāl (38395 (14/202-203))

• Al-Musnad al-Jāmi’ (1625 (3/38-39))

• Tuḥfatul Ashrāf (846 (1/418))

• Mishkāt al-Maṣābīḥ (5448)

• Ṣaḥīḥ al-Jāmi’ (7422 (2/1237))

• Jāmi’ al-Uṣūl (7912 (10/400))

Also, on the authority of Abū Hurayrah ^{[d. 57H]}

• Mawārid aẓ-Ẓamān (1887 (6/140-141))

• Kanzul ‘Ummāl (38503-38504 (14/227-228))

• Majma’ al-Zawā'id (12511 (15/457))

• Ṣaḥīḥ al-Jāmi’ (7422 (2/1237))

• Al-Jāmi’ al-Kāmil (15925 (18/416-417))

• Talkhīṣ al-Jāmi’ al-Kāmil (15925 (6/301))

Grading

• Ṣaḥīḥ by Shaykh al-Albānī (Sunan at-Tirmidhī (2332 (1/527)) & Ṣaḥīḥ al-Jāmi’)

• Ṣaḥīḥ by Ḥāfiẓ Zubayr ‘Alī Za'ī (Jāmi’ at-Tirmidhī (2332 (1/702-703)) & Mishkāt al-Maṣābīḥ (5448 (3/257-258)))

• Ṣaḥīḥ by Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar ad-Da’wah, New Delhi (Sunan at-Tirmidhī (2332 (3/319)))

• Ṣaḥīḥ by Shaykh Dr. Ḍiyā'-ur-Raḥmān al-‘Aẓamī (Al-Jāmi’ al-Kāmil)

• Isnād ṣaḥīḥ as per the conditions of Muslim by Shaykh Shu’ayb al-Arna'ūṭ (Musnad Aḥmad (10943 (16/550)) & Sharḥ Mushkil al-Āthār)

• Isnād ṣaḥīḥ as per the conditions of aṣ-Ṣaḥīḥ by Shaykh Shu’ayb al-Arna'ūṭ (Ṣaḥīḥ ibn Ḥibbān (6842 (15/256-257)))

• Isnād ṣaḥiḥ by Shaykh Dr. Ḥamzah Zayn (Musnad Aḥmad (10885 (9/612)))

• Ṣaḥīḥ li-ghayri by Shaykh Shu’ayb al-Arna'ūṭ (Jāmi’ al-Kabīr (2485 (4/363-364)))

• Ṣaḥīḥ li-ghayri by Shaykh ‘Eṣām Mūsā Hādī (Jāmi’ al-Kabīr (2332 (1/711)))

• The narrators are the narrators of aṣ-Ṣaḥīḥ by Imām al-Haythamī (Majma’ al-Zawā'id)

• Gharīb by Imām at-Tirmidhī

• Isnād ḍa’īf by Shaykh ‘Abdul-Qādir al-Arna'ūṭ (Jāmi’ al-Uṣūl)

Commentary

Commentary by Dārussalām (Jāmi’ at-Tirmidhī)

Various interpretations have been given to the expression ‘constriction of time.’ They are as follows:

❶ Those will be the joyful days of merry-making and prosperity. Hence the time shall pass unnoticed.
❷ The world shall be devoid of heavenly bliss. As such time shall pass without anybody noticing it.
❸ Governments shall come and go in quick succession, and it would seem as if they lasted but a few days.
❹ People will be battling with calamities, disturbances and dissensions so that they shall lose the sense of the passage of time.

The core of the matter in fact is that the age will bereft of heavenly bliss. As such the time shall pass at an awfully quick pace. The year, the month, and the week shall pass without anyone knowing how they flew away.

• Reference: [2332 (4/364-365), Jāmi’ at-Tirmidhī, Dārussalām (Eng)]

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